Four standards bind together current science, as per the book "Overseeing Science" Cell hypothesis is the rule that all living things are made of key units called cells, and all phones come from prior cells. Quality hypothesis is the rule that all living things have DNA, atoms that code the constructions and elements of cells and get passed to posterity. Homeostasis is the rule that all living things keep a condition of equilibrium that empowers life forms to make due in their current circumstance. Development is the rule that portrays how all living things can change to have qualities that empower them to endure better in their surroundings. These qualities result from irregular changes in the life form's qualities that are "chose" through an interaction called normal determination. During normal determination, life forms that have attributes more qualified for their current circumstance have higher paces of endurance, and afterward pass those characteristics to their posterity.

In spite of the fact that there are just four binding together standards, science covers a wide scope of themes that are broken into numerous controls and subdisciplines. On an undeniable level, the various fields of science can each be considered as the investigation of one sort of living being, as per "Blackie's Dictionary of Biology" (S Chand, 2014). For instance, zoology is the investigation of creatures, natural science is the investigation of plants and microbiology is the investigation of microorganisms. Inside those more extensive fields, numerous researcher have practical experience in investigating a particular point or issue. For instance, a researcher may consider conduct of a specific fish animal groups, while another researcher may investigate the neurological and compound instruments behind the conduct.

There are various branches and subdisciplines of science, yet here is a short rundown of a portion of the more wide fields that fall under the umbrella of biology

Natural chemistry: The investigation of the compound cycles that occur in or are identified with living things, as per the Biochemical Society. For instance, pharmacology is a sort of natural chemistry research that spotlights on concentrating how medications collaborate with synthetic substances in the body, as portrayed in a 2010 survey in the diary Biochemistry. Nature: The investigation of how living beings associate with their current circumstance. For instance, an environmentalist may concentrate how bumble bee conduct is influenced by people living close by. Hereditary qualities: The investigation of heredity. Geneticists concentrate how qualities are passed somewhere near guardians to their posterity, and how they differ from one individual to another. For instance, researchers have distinguished a few qualities and hereditary transformations that impact human life expectancy, as announced in a 2019 audit distributed in the diary Nature Reviews Genetics.

Physiology: The investigation of how living things work. Physiology, which is relevant to any living organic entity, "manages the daily routine supporting capacities and cycles of experiencing creatures or their parts," as per Nature. Physiologists try to comprehend natural cycles, for example, how a specific organ works, what its capacity is and how it's influenced by outside improvements. For instance, physiologists have concentrated how paying attention to music can cause actual changes in the human body, for example, a more slow or quicker pulse.